Apr 19, 2024  
College Catalog 2013-2014 
    
College Catalog 2013-2014 [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

Course Descriptions


 The following is a complete listing of the courses offered at Elizabethtown College. Use the filter to narrow your search.

 

Accounting

  
  • AC 101 - Introduction to Accounting

    4.00 credits.
    An introduction to the basic accounting methods and principles used in preparing financial statements for external reporting, accompanied by an application project that will incorporate interpretive and analytical techniques.
  
  • AC 205 - Intermediate Accounting I

    4.00 credits.
    A study of generally accepted accounting principles and their application to asset accounting in the corporate financial reporting environment. Beginning with a brief review of introductory financial accounting topics including the accounting cycle and the financial statements and quickly moving to more challenging and complex topics: alternative procedures to account for current assets, plant and equipment, intangibles and investments; the accounting treatment of related income statement transactions; and valuation, classification, disclosure and cutoff. *Prerequisite(s): AC 101 .
  
  • AC 206 - Intermediate Accounting II

    4.00 credits.
    A continuation of AC 205 . The understanding of many concepts covered in the introductory course are expanded with a more in-depth examination of related concepts: liabilities and stockholder’s equity sections of the balance sheet with detailed discussion of how to account for bonds payable, long-term notes, employee pensions and benefits, and the issuance of stock. Calculation of earnings per share, how to correct errors in the financial statements, preparation of the statement of cash flows and deferred income taxes also are discussed. *Prerequisite(s): AC 205 .
  
  • AC 270 - Cost Management Accounting

    4.00 credits.
    An understanding of how costs behave - cost-volume and profit analysis; are collected - job costing and process costing; are assigned - activity-based costing; are managed - strategic-based responsibility accounting; are measured - budgets and variance analysis; and are used in decision making - pricing and alternative use of capital. Multinational considerations also are included. *Prerequisite(s): AC 101 .
  
  • AC 301 - Introduction to Taxation

    4.00 credits.
    Following the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) recommended Model Tax Curriculum as revised in 1999, this course introduces a broad range of tax topics and principles of federal income taxation of individuals, corporations and partnerships. Understanding various types of taxes in the U.S. system and the basis for the federal income tax system is emphasized. Tax concepts that relate to individual taxpayers, and identifying the similarities and differences of individual taxation items to the taxation of business entities are learned, emphasizing the role of taxation in the business decision-making process, tax law and research, and concepts application. *Prerequisite(s): AC 101  or permission of instructor.
  
  • AC 302 - Advanced Studies in Taxation

    4.00 credits.
    This course follows the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) recommended Model Tax Curriculum as revised in 1999. Students will develop advanced technical and technological skills in entity taxation, the tax effects of multijurisdictional commerce and advanced issues facing individual taxpayers, including retirement, estate/gift issues and financial planning. Advanced skills with tax research materials are developed, as is an appreciation for the work ethic and professional responsibilities. Emphasis will be placed on learning to employ tax law in various financial and tax-planning techniques. *Prerequisite(s): AC 301 .
  
  • AC 304 - Forensic Accounting

    4.00 credits.
    This course introduces students to the specialty practice area of forensic accounting. Students will study the growing role of the forensic accountant, what differentiates forensic accountants from traditional auditors, the causes of fraud and the perpetrator’s motivations. Topics include: money laundering, identity theft, fraudulent investment schemes, litigation support, financial damage assessment and the importance of internal controls. Students will examine the ethical issues in accounting, risk assessment and how to investigate and respond to fraud in the workplace. *Prerequisite(s): AC 206 . Spring semester.
  
  • AC 307 - International Accounting

    2.00 credits.
    The course examines a variety of accounting and business issues encountered by multi-national organizations. Specific topics include: comparative worldwide accounting diversity, international financial statement analysis, global strategic accounting issues, international corporate governance and social responsibility, international taxation, transfer pricing and auditing. *Prerequisite(s): AC 206  or permission of instructor.
  
  • AC 308 - Accounting for Nonprofit Organizations

    4.00 credits.
    The applicable principles and uses of fund accounting - to include budgeting, preparation and reporting of general and special financial statements and their use in decision making, controlling and identifying general operating funds and those restricted and non-restricted special funds - are discussed. An experiential project is assigned involving a real-life case study, which will include evaluating performance measurement standards. *Prerequisite(s):   and junior status.
  
  • AC 310 - Accounting Information Systems

    4.00 credits.
    An introduction to the components of an accounting information system and its relationship to the overall management information system. The use of information to support the planning, analysis and reporting of business activities using fully integrated information systems is discussed. Students are introduced to system design and documentation, including flowcharting and control procedures. All major transaction processing cycles and the effect on the accuracy of accounting information are reviewed. Students are introduced to and required to use complex microcomputer and database applications. *Prerequisite(s): AC 206 .
  
  • AC 370-378 - Special Topics in Accounting

    Variable credit.
    Courses of special interest to the student and the instructor offered on an occasional basis. This course is repeatable for credit.
  
  • AC 405 - Auditing

    4.00 credits.
    A study of auditing theory and standards, professional ethics and auditor’s legal liability, with in-depth analysis of the audit process, including risk assessment, the theory and auditing of internal control systems, audit evidence, working papers, quality control, statistical sampling, implications of computer-based systems to the audit process, and the preparation of audit reports. *Prerequisite(s): AC 310  or permission of instructor.
  
  • AC 406 - Advanced Accounting

    4.00 credits.
    A study of the accounting theory and practice of business combinations, consolidated financial reporting according to United States GAAP, foreign currency transactions and financial statement translation, derivatives and special accounting topics, including business liquidations and reorganizations, SPEs, joint ventures and partnerships. *Prerequisite(s): AC 206 .
  
  • AC 470-473 - Internship in Accounting

    Variable (0.00 to 12.00) credits.
    Students gain work experience with either a public accounting firm, a business organization or a governmental agency. *Prerequisite(s): Approval of Accounting Director or Department Chair. Register by Instructor. This course is repeatable for credit.
  
  • AC 474 - Volunteer Income Tax Assistance Program

    2.00 credits.
    A hands-on opportunity to apply knowledge that was learned in Accounting 301 by preparing income tax returns under the Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) Program of the Internal Revenue Service in an experiential-learning environment. Students interact with clients, accumulate their tax information and prepare their federal, state and local income tax returns using tax software. *Prerequisite(s): AC 301 . Register by Instructor.
  
  • AC 480-489 - Independent Study in Accounting

    Variable credit.
    Independent study and research on a problem or topic in the field of accounting. *Prerequisite(s): Approval of the Independent Study Committee. Register by Instructor. This course is repeatable for credit.

American Sign Language

  
  • ASL 325 - American Sign Language

    2.00 credits.
    Basic competency in the use and comprehension of American Sign Language and acquaints the learner with the cultural uniqueness of the deaf community.

Anthropology

  
  • AN 111 - NCH Understanding Human Cultures

    4.00 credits.
    (Non-Western Cultural Heritage Core Course)
    An exploratory survey of the peoples and cultures of the world with special emphasis upon four interrelated cultural systems: economy, technology, social organization and ideology.
  
  • AN 201 - NPS Principles of Biological Anthropology

    4.00 credits.
    (Natural and Physical Science Core Course)
    Introductory examination of humans and their biological history within the scientific framework of evolution by natural selection. The study of genetics, modern primates, the human fossil record and early cultural attainments provides a context in which to understand our place in the continuum of nature. *Prerequisite(s): One 100-level Natural and Physical Sciences Core course with a laboratory.
  
  • AN 306 - Indians of North America

    4.00 credits.
    A selective survey of Native American groups, past and present, with particular attention given to their historical background, modern lifestyle development, and contemporary social problems.
  
  • AN 307 - People and Cultures of Africa

    4.00 credits.
    Ethnographic and cultural analysis of the folk background and contemporary customs of the peoples of sub-Saharan Africa, with special attention to the problems of culture change.
  
  • AN 308 - People and Cultures of Latin America

    4.00 credits.
    Ethnographic and historical examination of the present cultures in Latin America, with emphasis on the issues of ethnicity, religion, family and gender relations, social structure, economics and urban development.
  
  • AN 361 - Archeology and Geography

    4.00 credits.
    Methods of historical archaeology and cultural geography are covered, including field survey and documentary analysis, including diaries, letters, government records and maps.
  
  • AN 362 - Archeology Field School

    Variable (2.00 to 6.00) credits.
    Field instruction in excavating techniques, record keeping, mapping, artifact identification, processing, cataloging and classification. Sites vary but focus on historical sites in Pennsylvania.
  
  • AN 363 - Forensic Anthropology

    4.00 credits.
    Analysis of human skeletal anatomy from the medico-legal perspective, emphasizing recovery, bone identification, and determination of sex, ethnicity, stature and age of an individual. Register by Instructor.
  
  • AN 370-378 - Special Topics in Anthropology

    4.00 credits.
    Occasional course offerings used to enhance the Department curriculum. This course is repeatable for credit.
  
  • AN 400 - Senior Project in Anthropology

    Variable (1.00 to 4.00) credit(s).
    Students who have been invited and accepted to participate in the Honors in the Discipline Program may be registered for this course. Completion of this course does not assure recognition for Honors in the Discipline. *Prerequisite(s): Invitation to Honors in the Discipline program. See Department Chair for additional information. Register by Instructor. This course is repeatable for credit.
  
  • AN 470-474 - Internship in Anthropology

    Variable (0.00 to 8.00) credits.
    Applied field instruction in a subfield of anthropology chosen to meet the needs of the student. Graded Pass/No Pass. Register by Instructor. This course is repeatable for credit.
  
  • AN 480-489 - Independent Study in Anthropology

    4.00 credits.
    Offers to advanced students the opportunity for independent study in areas not included in the regular offerings within the Department. *Prerequisite(s): Approval of Independent Study Committee. Register by Instructor. This course is repeatable for credit.

Art

  
  • ART 105 - CE Drawing I

    4.00 credits.
    (Creative Expression Core Course)
    An introduction to the basic concepts, materials and techniques of drawing. These elements will be discussed and practiced through an intensive program of drawing from perception. The basic materials we use will consist of charcoal, ink and paper. Drawing subjects will include still life, interior space, portrait, self-portrait and the figure. The formal elements of line, shape, value, form, space, texture and composition will be explored through drawing done in class, on field trips and weekly homework assignments.
  
  • ART 106 - CE Ceramics I

    4.00 credits.
    (Creative Expression Core Course)
    Introduction to ceramic design and history, with emphasis on fundamental construction, decorating, glazing and firing techniques, and operation of the machinery of the medium.
  
  • ART 120 - CE Sculpture I

    4.00 credits.
    (Creative Expression Core Course)
    An exploration in the three-dimensional medium of traditional and contemporary ideas, basic problems in design, and instruction in the use of the sculptor’s materials and techniques.
  
  • ART 130 - Computer Art

    4.00 credits.
    An introductory studio/lecture course designed to increase visual literacy and vocabulary, to develop design skills and present the creative possibilities of the computer as an art making and editing tool. Historical, conceptual, technical and contemporary issues of digital imaging are explored. Spring semester.
  
  • ART 145 - CE Digital Photography (COM 145)

    4.00 credits.
    (Creative Expression Core Course)
    This is a course in beginning digital photography. Photography will be dealt with as a photojournalistic form and an art form. No prior knowledge or experience in the arts or photography is expected. Demonstrations and supervised lab periods will be used to instruct students in basic camera and PhotoShop techniques of digital photography. Individual and group critiques/discussions of student photography will be held. Discussion of photographic history, criticism and aesthetics will be used to help the student understand class projects and to increase appreciation of photographic traditions and contemporary trends.
  
  • ART 155 - WCH Introduction to the History of Art I

    4.00 credits.
    (Western Cultural Heritage Core Course)
    A survey of the architecture, painting and sculpture of Western civilization from pre-history through the 14th century, including the Paleolithic and Neolithic eras, the Ancient Near East, Egypt, Ancient Greece and Rome, and the Middle Ages. Fall semester.
  
  • ART 157 - WCH Introduction to the History of Art II

    4.00 credits.
    (Western Cultural Heritage Core Course)
    A continuation of ART 155 , this course traces the development of the fine arts in Europe from the 14th to the 20th centuries, including the Renaissance, Baroque, Rococo, Neoclassical, Romantic and Modernist movements. Spring semester.
  
  • ART 204 - Watercolor

    4.00 credits.
    Studio painting with transparent medium on paper. An introductory course emphasizing basic techniques and exploration of the expressive qualities of the medium. *Prerequisite(s): ART 105 . Fall semester, even-numbered years.
  
  • ART 205 - Painting I

    4.00 credits.
    Studio easel painting in opaque media, with stress on pictorial organization and application of color theories. *Prerequisite(s): ART 105 . Fall semester.
  
  • ART 206 - Ceramics II

    4.00 credits.
    An intermediate-level course with emphasis on developing and refining studio techniques and integration of form and idea. *Prerequisite(s): ART 106 . Spring semester.
  
  • ART 210 - Drawing II

    4.00 credits.
    An intermediate-level course that stresses further conceptual, pictorial and technical development beyond Drawing I, with an emphasis on personal theme and content. *Prerequisite(s): ART 105 , or permission of the instructor. Spring semester.
  
  • ART 230 - American Art

    4.00 credits.
    A survey of American painting, sculpture and architecture from the Colonial era through the 20th century. Issues discussed include the artists’ roles in representing national identity, the wilderness, the frontier and the city, and the American contributions to photography, the moving picture, and the skyscraper. Fall semester, even-numbered years.
  
  • ART 240 - NCH History of Japanese Are and Aesthetics (JA 240)

    4.00 credits.
    (Non-Western Cultural Heritage Core Course)
    This course introduces students to the history of the art and aesthetic sensibilities of the Japanese people from prehistoric times to the modern period. Through this course, students will develop an appreciation for the major trends in Japanese art and the historical milieu in which these were produced. Major works of art from each historical era will be studied, including architecture, sculpture, painting and pottery, as well as some of the minor arts such as gardens, calligraphy, textiles, etc. Besides understanding the making of the actual works of art, students will also understand the aesthetic principles that inform the making of these objects, such as miyabi, yugen, wabi-sabi, that are central to Japanese cultural history. Spring semester.
  
  • ART 250 - Neoclassicism and Romanticism

    4.00 credits.
    An in-depth study of European art and culture from 1750 to 1850 that examines the role of Neoclassicism and Romanticism in promoting social and political ideals, the aesthetics of the Beautiful and the Sublime, and cultural primitivism. *Prerequisite(s): ART 157 , or permission of the instructor. Fall semester, odd-numbered years.
  
  • ART 251 - Printmaking I

    4.00 credits.
    Practice in the methods of relief, intaglio and monotype, and instruction in the use of the printer’s machinery. *Prerequisite(s): ART 105 , or permission of the instructor. Spring semester.
  
  • ART 260 - Modernism

    4.00 credits.
    A history of the Modernist movement in painting, sculpture, architecture, design and film from 1870 to 1945. The course traces the revolutionary theories of Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, Expressionism, Cubism, Dada, Surrealism, Futurism and Suprematism. *Prerequisite(s): ART 157 , or permission of the instructor. Spring semester, even-numbered years.
  
  • ART 270 - Art of Africa, Asia, & Americas

    4.00 credits.
    A survey of the artistic traditions of Africa, Asia, the Pacific Islands, and the Pre-Columbian civilizations of North and South America examined within their historical context. Topics include cultural exchanges between Western and Non-Western civilizations and the impact of trade, war and colonization on indigenous artistic traditions. Spring semester, odd-numbered years.
  
  • ART 305 - Painting II

    4.00 credits.
    An intermediate-level course with emphasis on developing and refining technique and concept. A continuation of the formal issues surrounding color and composition presented in ART 205 . *Prerequisite(s): ART 204  or ART 205 . Spring semester.
  
  • ART 310 - Art Education Methodologies & Curriculum Development - Elementary

    4.00 credits.
    This course prepares Art Certification candidates to develop a visual arts curriculum for kindergarten through sixth grade that meets Pennsylvania Standards for the Arts & Humanities. Child-centered, society-centered and discipline-based theories of art education will be discussed in the elementary school context. Students write age-appropriate lesson plans and test their effectiveness in a classroom under the supervision of a certified art teacher. They learn to manage a sage instructional environment conducive to learning for a diverse population of students, including those with special needs. *Prerequisite(s): (ED 105  and ED 150 ) or (ED 106  and ED 151 ); SED 222 ; and formal acceptance into the Fine Arts - Art Education program. Register by Instructor. Fall semester.
  
  • ART 315 - Art Education Methodologies & Curriculum Development - Secondary

    4.00 credits.
    This course prepares Art Certification candidates to develop a visual arts curriculum for the seventh through the 12th grades that meets Pennsylvania Standards for the Arts & Humanities. Students will develop age-appropriate lesson plans for middle and secondary school that include two- and three-dimensional works of art, aesthetics and multicultural traditions of art history. They learn appropriate instructional methodologies and assessment strategies for a diverse population of adolescents, including those with special needs. Methods of managing a safe instructional environment conducive to creativity will be taught. Students will have the opportunity to participate in a classroom under the supervision of a certified art teacher. *Prerequisite(s): (ED 105  and ED 150 ) or (ED 106  and ED 151 ); SED 222 ; and formal acceptance into the Fine Arts - Art Education program. Register by Instructor. Spring semester
  
  • ART 320 - Sculpture II

    4.00 credits.
    A continuation of Art 120 with further exploration of possible three-dimensional mediums and development of the methods used for traditional, modern and contemporary sculpture. *Prerequisite(s): ART 120 . Fall semester.
  
  • ART 352 - Printmaking II

    4.00 credits.
    A continuation of ART 251  with further exploration in the methods of relief, intaglio and monotype printmaking and further instruction in the use of the printer’s machinery. *Prerequisite(s): ART 251 . Spring semester, as needed.
  
  • ART 360 - Italian Renaissance (HI 360)

    4.00 credits.
    The Italian Renaissance seminar is an in-depth cultural history of the humanist movement in Italy from 1250 to 1550 and its impact on the fine arts, literature, politics, religion, education and science. The course includes reading and discussion of primary texts by Petrarch, Dante, Boccaccio, Alberti, Machiavelli, Da Vinci, Michelangelo and Vasari. Topics include the revival of Antiquity, the discovery of Nature, Statecraft, scientific innovation and new concepts of genius and creativity. *Prerequisite(s): ART 155 , ART 157  or HI 115 . Enrollment limited to sophomore status or above.
  
  • ART 370-378 - Special Topics in Fine Arts

    4.00 credits.
    This sequence of courses permits the Department to offer courses to any group of students who expresses interest in a particular area of study that is not a regular part of the curriculum. This course is repeatable for credit.
  
  • ART 401 - Advanced Studies in Ceramics

    4.00 credits.
    Advanced study with emphasis on conceptual, pictorial, thematic and technical development. This course is repeatable for credit for up to three semesters. Spring semester.
  
  • ART 402 - Advanced Studies in Drawing

    4.00 credits.
    Advanced study with emphasis on conceptual, pictorial, thematic and technical development. This course is repeatable for credit for up to three semesters. Spring semester.
  
  • ART 403 - Advanced Studies in Painting

    4.00 credits.
    Advanced study with emphasis on conceptual, pictorial, thematic and technical development. This course is repeatable for credit for up to three semesters. Spring semester.
  
  • ART 404 - Advanced Studies in Printmaking

    4.00 credits.
    Advanced study with emphasis on conceptual, pictorial, thematic and technical development. This course is repeatable for credit for up to three semesters. Spring semester.
  
  • ART 405 - Advanced Studies in Sculpture

    4.00 credits.
    Advanced study with emphasis on conceptual, pictorial, thematic and technical development. This course is repeatable for credit for up to three semesters. Fall semester.
  
  • ART 470-474 - Internship in Fine Arts

    Variable (3.00 or 4.00) credits.
    An internship experience for students in one of the Fine Arts majors or minors, as recommended by the Department. Register by Instructor. This course is repeatable for credit.
  
  • ART 480-489 - Independent Study in Fine Arts

    Variable credits.
    Individual students are provided the opportunity to pursue work in an area of major interest under the guidance of a member of the Department. *Prerequisite(s): Approval of Department Chair and the Independent Study Committee. Register by Instructor. This course is repeatable for credit.
  
  • ART 498 - Senior Seminar and Portfolio

    3.00 credits.
    A capstone course required by all majors that provides opportunities for advanced research and development in studio and gallery/museum related work. The course builds and enhances the resumé and introduces the practical functions, operations and workings for a career in art. Offered as needed.

Biology

  
  • BIO 101 - NPS Biological Concepts

    4.00 credits.
    (Natural and Physical Science Core Course)
    Designed for the non-biology major. This course will present an overview of the major biological concepts and ideas emphasizing their relevance to our daily lives. The course is designed to stimulate discussion of current biological issues and is intended to provide an understanding of the basic mechanisms of life. *Students who have taken BIO 111  may not take this course. Hours: lecture 3, laboratory 3.
  
  • BIO 102 - NPS Human Heredity and Inherited Diseases

    4.00 credits.
    (Natural and Physical Science Core Course)
    An overview of human heredity, providing the tools needed to make informed decisions on a variety of health-related issues with information on disease, medical technology, genetic engineering and biotechnology, and environmental factors affecting human health. As part of the laboratory, each student isolates copies of a small portion of his or her own mitochondrial DNA. Students work with international DNA databases to compare their DNA sequences to those from their classmates, from people around the world, and from ancient Neanderthal DNA, allowing them to observe evolution in a very personal way. *Corequisite(s): BIO 102L. Hours: lecture 3, laboratory 3.
  
  • BIO 103 - NPS Living with the Environment

    4.00 credits.
    (Natural and Physical Science Core Course)
    A lecture/laboratory course designed for non-science majors. Principles of environmental relationships and how living organisms play a role in those relationships and respond to changes in their environment are emphasized. Current problems with pollution, hazardous wastes, energy and population growth are examined in relation to those environmental principles. Hours: lecture 3, laboratory 3.
  
  • BIO 111 - Molecules, Cells, and Animal Systems

    4.00 credits.
    The study of the chemical and cellular basis of life, human and animal anatomy and physiology, cellular reproduction, heredity and animal development. For Biology majors and those students taking additional biology courses. This course fulfills one of the Natural and Physical Sciences Core requirements for Biology majors. *Corequisite(s): BIO 111L. *This course may not be taken for credit after completing BIO 101  without permission of the Department Chair. Hours: lecture 3, laboratory 3. Fall semester
  
  • BIO 112 - Principles of Evolution, Ecology, and Diversity of Life

    4.00 credits.
    The evolution and diversity of organisms is examined by comparing representative forms of the five kingdoms and viruses. Discussion of plant structure and function and ecological principles is included. For Biology majors or those taking additional biology courses. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 111  or permission of instructor. *Corequisite(s): BIO 112L. Hours: lecture 3, laboratory 3. Spring semester.
  
  • BIO 201 - Human Anatomy and Physiology I

    4.00 credits.
    The study of structure and function of the human integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous and endocrine systems. Particular attention is given to structure and function as it relates to dysfunction and disease. Laboratory work involves dissection of a human cadaver. Enrollment limited to occupational therapy, music therapy and allied health majors. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 101  or BIO 111 , or permission of instructor. *Corequisite(s): BIO 201L. Hours: lecture 3, laboratory 3. Fall semester.
  
  • BIO 202 - Human Anatomy and Physiology II

    4.00 credits.
    A continuation of BIO 201 . The study of structure and function of the human circulatory, respiratory, excretory, digestive and reproductive systems. Emphasis on these systems as they relate to homeostasis and disease. Laboratory work involves cat dissection and “hands-on” manipulation of instruments useful to the health profession student. Enrollment limited to occupational therapy, music therapy and allied health majors. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 201 . *Corequisite(s): BIO 202L. Hours: lecture 3, laboratory 3. Spring semester.
  
  • BIO 211 - Genetics

    4.00 credits.
    An integrated and comprehensive review of classical, neo-Mendelian principles of heredity and molecular biology. Laboratory work involves Drosophila crosses and basic techniques employed for molecular investigations. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 112  or permission of instructor. *Corequisite(s): BIO 211L. Hours: lecture 3, laboratory 3. Fall semester.
  
  • BIO 212 - Cell Biology

    3.00 credits.
    Study of the cell from a molecular perspective and integrated approach. Morphological and physiological study of cells, cell mechanisms, and cell organelles are explained through understanding the interaction of biological molecules. Laboratory involves qualitative and quantitative investigations of cellular and molecular construction of enzymatic pathways through various extraction and analysis techniques. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 211  or permission of instructor. Hours: lecture 3, laboratory 3. Spring semester.
  
  • BIO 212L - Cell Biology Laboratory

    1.00 credit.
    Required for the Biotechnology major. The laboratory exercises demonstrate many of the important cell biology principles covered in the lecture course (BIO 212 ). *Corequisite(s): BIO 212 . Register by Instructor. Spring semester.
  
  • BIO 220 - Nutrition

    4.00 credits.
    This course serves as an introduction to nutrition as it relates to biology and science. We will focus on the importance and role of the major nutrients and discuss how these nutrients are acquired and analyzed by the body. In addition, we will discuss the role of nutrition in the development, health and well-being of the individual. These concepts will be applied to personal health through nutritional assessment and dietary planning. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 111 . Hours: lecture 3, discussion 1. Spring semester.
  
  • BIO 225 - Geographic Information Systems: Fundamentals and Applications

    4.00 credits.
    Everything that happens, happens somewhere. A geographic information system (GIS) is a tool to evaluate the importance of that “somewhere.” Students will learn the fundamental scientific and technological principles underlying GIS and gain hands-on experience designing and using a GIS in real-world applications. Spring semester, alternate years.
  
  • BIO 235 - General Microbiology

    4.00 credits.
    A study of the morphological, physiological and ecological characteristics of bacteria, as well as disease transmission and principles of control. A laboratory gives practice in the isolation and identification of bacteria. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 112  and CH 105  or CH 114 , or permission of instructor. Hours: lecture 3, laboratory 4. Spring semester.
  
  • BIO 310 - Molecular Biology

    3.00 credits.
    An upper-level course stressing study of current developments in molecular biology. Particular emphasis will be placed upon the theory of investigative molecular techniques. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 111 . Hours: 3. Fall semester.
  
  • BIO 310L - Molecular Biology Laboratory

    1.00 credit.
    The molecular biology laboratory experiments offer hands-on experience with the modern techniques of molecular biology. Students become proficient in the techniques of cloning, agarose gel electrophoresis, polymerase chain reaction and DNA mutagenesis. Laboratory report writing skills are emphasized. *Corequisite(s): BIO 310 . Fall semester.
  
  • BIO 311 - Experimental Design in Cell Biology

    4.00 credits.
    A practical and theoretical examination of current techniques employed to study cellular biology. Proficiencies in experimental design, data collection, data analysis, and critical review of current literature are developed. Mammalian and plant tissue culture techniques, immunohistochemistry, ELISA, polyacrylamide and capillary electrophoresis, western analysis, and cellular apoptosis assessed by electron microscopy are emphasized. *Prerequisite(s): 15 credit hours of biology, including BIO 212 , and eight credit hours of chemistry. Register by Instructor. Fall semester.
  
  • BIO 313 - General Ecology

    3.00 credits.
    The relationships between plants, animals and their environment are investigated with regard to energy flow, mineral cycling, physical and chemical parameters, population changes and community structure. *Prerequisite(s): 16 credit hours of biology or permission of instructor. Hours: 3. Fall semester.
  
  • BIO 313L - General Ecology Laboratory

    1.00 credit.
    Use of techniques and instrumentation for aquatic and terrestrial field studies, experimentation in such areas as population growth, competition, productivity and mineral cycling. *Corequisite(s): BIO 313 . Hours: 4. Fall semester.
  
  • BIO 314 - Behavioral Neurobiology

    4.00 credits.
    This course aims to provide a comprehensive overview of behavioral neurobiology, with special emphasis on the neuroethological approach.  Through lecture and primary literature discussions, students will gain a contemporary understanding of the historical development of the behavioral sciences, the major ethological and neurobiological concepts, and the principle mechanisms that govern behavior in animals and humans. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 111  or PSY 111 . Alternating fall semesters.
  
  • BIO 317 - Aquatic Ecology

    4.00 credits.
    The study of physical, chemical and biological relationships in aquatic ecosystems as they relate to the survival and growth of organisms. The course will include laboratory and field experimentation using local aquatic ecosystems. *Prerequisite(s): 15 credit hours of biology and eight credit hours of chemistry. Hours: lecture 3, laboratory 4. Fall semester.
  
  • BIO 318 - Marine Biology

    3.00 credits.
    A study of the chemical and physical characteristics of marine ecosystems and the functional adaptations of marine organisms to those systems. Representative marine communities including rocky intertidal and coral reefs are examined in detail. The impacts of humans on marine environments also are discussed. *Prerequisite(s): Eight credit hours of biology and four credit hours of chemistry. Hours: 3. Spring semester, alternate years.
  
  • BIO 320 - Conservation Biology

    4.00 credits.
    Conservation biology is an applied scientific discipline devoted to understanding and preserving the world’s biodiversity. We will examine in lecture and through a series of case studies how basic ecological principles are being applied to preserve biodiversity. The case studies will highlight conservation at the species, community, ecosystem, and biosphere levels and societal aspects of conservation. We will also experience local biodiversity via field trips, civic engagement, and species identification sessions. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 112  or permission of the instructor. Spring semester, alternate years.
  
  • BIO 322 - Immunology

    3.00 credits.
    A basic course encompassing immunity, serology, immunochemistry and immunobiology. Considered are antigenic specificity, humoral and cellular effector mechanisms, hypersensitivities, immunogenetics, tolerance and enhancement, tissue and tumor immunity, as well as recent methodological advances. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 112  or permission of instructor. Hours: 3. Spring semester.
  
  • BIO 322L - Immunology Laboratory

    1.00 credit.
    The immunology laboratory experiments demonstrate many of the research methods currently utilized for studying immunology. This includes ELISA, flow cytometry, cell culture and cellular cytotoxicity assays. Emphasis is placed upon assessing cellular and humoral effector mechanisms in vivo experimentation. *Corequisite(s): BIO 322 . Spring semester.
  
  • BIO 324 - General Physiology

    3.00 credits.
    A functional study of vertebrate organs and organ systems. Attention focused on similarities and specialization in relation to function, with emphasis on functional adaptations to the environment. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 112  or permission of instructor. Hours: 3. Spring semester.
  
  • BIO 324L - General Physiology Laboratory

    1.00 credit.
    An investigation of selected physiological mechanisms, employing spectrophotometers, datagraphs, spirometers, oscilloscopes, electrocardiographs, electrophoresis and animal surgical techniques. *Corequisite(s): BIO 324 . Hours: 4. Spring semester.
  
  • BIO 326 - Concepts of Virology and Virus Research

    2.00 credits.
    An introduction to viruses and the strategies that they use to cause disease. In addition, the course will focus on four viruses, with different replication strategies including the poliovirus, influenza virus, herpes simplex virus and simian virus 40. The course will allow students to increase their understanding of experimental strategies used to investigate viruses and use the topic of viruses as a means to analyze and critically evaluate the scientific literature. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 212  or BIO 324 . Spring semester.
  
  • BIO 335 - Microbial Ecology and Diversity

    4.00 credits.
    An intensive look at the physiology of microorganisms and how microbial metabolism plays a role in the cycling of nutrients in nature. Students will be exposed to the techniques commonly used to study microorganisms in their natural environment. The concepts of using microorganisms for bioremediation also will be discussed. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 235  or permission of instructor. Hours: lecture 3, laboratory 4. Fall semester, alternate years.
  
  • BIO 336 - Pathogenic Microbiology

    3.00 credits.
    An intensive study of the disease-causing microorganisms of humans. General epidemiology and cellular processes of pathogenesis of bacteria and viruses will be examined. The human immune system also will be covered in context of how bacteria and viruses subvert host defenses to infect, survive and grow in the host. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 235  or permission of instructor. Hours: lecture 3. Fall semester.
  
  • BIO 336L - Pathogenic Microbiology Lab

    1.00 credit.
    Experience with a variety of techniques important in the study of pathogenesis will be covered in this course, including microbial culture techniques, extraction of DNA, PCR, cloning and use of sequence databases and DNA analysis programs to identify functional genes. This course will be used to teach research as a process and involves the development of a research proposal. *Corequisite(s): BIO 336 . Hours: 3. Fall semester.
  
  • BIO 341 - Comparative Mammalian Anatomy

    4.00 credits.
    A comparative and embryological study of the morphology of selected representatives from the class Mammalia. Laboratory work involves dissection and demonstration of organisms from select mammalian species. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 112 . Hours: lecture 2, laboratory 4. Fall semester.
  
  • BIO 347 - Invertebrate Zoology

    4.00 credits.
    A study of the evolution of invertebrate animals from simple to complex forms, structural and functional similarities and differences, and the evolutionary trends necessary for an understanding of basic adaptive features. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 112  or permission of instructor. Hours: lecture 3, laboratory 3. Fall semester, alternate years.
  
  • BIO 352 - Developmental Biology

    3.00 credits.
    A study of how differential gene expression, physical properties of cells, and signaling between cells contribute to development from a fertilized egg into a complex adult animal. Changes in development underlying evolutionary changes in animal form and effects of pollutants and other environmental factors on development are discussed. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 211 . Hours: 3. Fall semester, alternate years.
  
  • BIO 352L - Developmental Biology Laboratory

    1.00 credit.
    Techniques such as grafting tissue and staining with vital dyes and antibodies are used. Experiments address questions about cell-cell signaling, differentiation, evolution of gene families, regeneration, and effects of UV radiation and pesticides on early vertebrate development. *Corequisite(s): BIO 352 . Hours: 3. Fall semester, alternate years.
  
  • BIO 354 - Molecular Evolution

    3.00 credits.
    Basic principles of evolutionary biology, together with their application to explain organismal properties at all levels, from DNA to behavior are covered, with emphasis on DNA and protein evolution. *Prerequisite(s): BIO 211 . Hours: 3. Fall semester, alternate years.
  
  • BIO 354L - Molecular Evolution Laboratory

    1.00 credit.
    Experience with a variety of techniques important in the study of evolution at the molecular level, including extraction of DNA and RNA from diverse tissue types, PCR, cloning, and use of sequence databases and DNA analysis programs to identify cloned sequence. *Corequisite(s): BIO 354 . Hours: 3. Fall semester, alternate years.
  
  • BIO 362 - Ecotoxicology

    4.00 credits.
    The study of the fate and transport of toxic compounds in the environment. The toxicity of individual pollutants at the organismal, species, population and community levels is discussed. Risk assessment and risk management in ecological systems also are discussed. The course includes laboratory experimentation. *Prerequisite(s): 15 credit hours of biology and eight credit hours of chemistry. Hours: lecture 3, laboratory 4. Spring semester, alternate years.
  
  • BIO 370-378 - Special Topics in Biology

    Variable credit.
    Courses of a specialized nature reflecting the interests of students and instructor. Courses are offered on a random basis. This course is repeatable for credit.
  
  • BIO 412 - Seminar in Biology

    1.00 credit.
    Students will read and discuss articles in the biological literature dealing with major advances in biology. A paper and oral presentation on a subject related to the discussion is required. *Prerequisite(s): Senior standing. Register by Instructor. Spring semester.
 

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